低能耗办公建筑标准层平面形态参数化研究

Research on Parameterization for Shape of Standard Floor of Office Buildings under a Low-Energy Consumption Target

现有建筑节能设计中考虑建筑形态的研究关注于建筑体形系数,未充分考虑建筑具体形状对总体能耗的影响。研究以L形建筑平面三边长度为变量,对L形建筑平面形状进行数学建模,生成十八种具有不同布局形式的L形建筑模型,并进行全年能耗动态模拟,最后对模型数据进行多维回归拟合分析和方差分析,得到了L形建筑面宽比、进深比与建筑制冷能耗、全年供暖空调总能耗的定量相关关系。研究表明:L形建筑存在形态临界点,面宽比的临界点为0.4,进深比的临界点为1,超过此临界点时,能耗较低且变化幅度较小,低于此临界点,则能耗变化剧烈。另外,文章给出了杭州市气象条件下建筑能耗随L形建筑面宽比、进深比变化的等高线图,为低能耗建筑形态设计提供参考。

Most studies of the energy conservation design of existing buildings focus on the building shape factor, without allowing for the impact of the specific shape of the building on overall energy consumption. In this research, the author proposes a mathematical model for buildings with L-shaped plane, which generates eighteen kinds of layouts of buildings. After simulating the energy consumption of the building models, regression fitting between width-ration (depth-ration) and energy consumption was conducted. The results showed that L-shaped buildings have a critical point of shape; the critical point of the surface-width ratio is 0.4, and the critical point of the depth ratio is 1. When this critical point is exceeded, energy consumption is low, and the variation is small. If it drops below this critical point, energy consumption rises drastically. Further, this paper provides contour plots of the variations in building energy consumption using the variations of width-ration and depth-ration of L-shaped buildings under the weather conditions in Hangzhou, China.