太阳能空气动力艇混合储能装置中能量管理系统的设计与仿真研究

Simulation and Design of Energy Management System in Hybrid Energy Storage Equipment for Solar Airboat

船舶电力推进系统在实际运用中具有明显优势,单一能量型储能装置难以有效应对其中分布式发电单元的输出功率间歇性和负载功率变化随机性波动的情况,给电网稳定运行带来了较大挑战。将锂电池和超级电容通过高执行效能的能量管理策略集合成混合储能装置,则能够很好地解决这一问题。论文通过引入对两种储能装置的充放电过程协调控制的逻辑环节,设计形成完善的四级联动式能量管理系统,建立基于MATLAB/Simulink的太阳能空气动力艇电力推进系统和混合储能装置的能量管理系统的仿真模型,分别对混合储能装置的充放电功率响应、内部功率分配、状态参数控制以及辐照强度同步变化的过程进行数据分析。研究结果表明:混合储能装置充放电控制的最大超调量低于30%,对负载波动的最大调节响应时间小于2.5 s,锂电池持续放电输出功率波动小于5%、放电电压变化率在3.5%以内,超级电容器能够实现对负载功率波动高频分量的瞬时响应。

Ship electric propulsion system has great advantages in practical application.Single energy storage device is difficult to deal with power fluctuation of distributed generation units and the load fluctuation,which pose a great challenge to stable operation of the power grid.In this paper,a four-level linkage energy management system is designed by introducing logic link in coordinated control of the charging and discharging process for two kinds of energy storage devices.Based on MATLAB/Simulink,an energy management system model of solar airboat electric propulsion system and hybrid energy storage device is established.Charging and discharging power response,internal power distribution and state parameter control process of the hybrid energy storage device are analyzed respectively.The results show that the maximum overshoot of the charge and discharge control is less than 30%,the maximum adjustment response time of the hybrid energy storage device to the load fluctuation is less than 2.5 seconds,the continuous discharge output power fluctuation of the lithium battery is less than 5%,and the discharge voltage change rate is within 3.5%,the super capacitor can achieve transient response to high-frequency components of load power fluctuations.