中药鉴别方法与技术探究

Research on Identification Methods and Techniques of Traditional Chinese Medicine

中药是中医防病治病的物质基础,中药材又是中药饮片和中成药的原料药。当前不少中药材被广泛应用于临床实践当中,但中药的真伪问题也十分突出,不少常用中药出现了伪品和混淆品,以次充好的情况十分严重,中药材质量的优劣严重影响着临床用药的安全性和有效性。如以小香菇冒充猪苓、木薯冒充山药;西洋参中掺入生晒参、海马肚子里灌水泥增重、醋山甲炮制过程中加入硫酸镁增重、将质次的羚羊角上市前蒸一夜,使其色泽好并增重等。因此,鉴定中药的真伪优劣是保障临床用药安全有效的前提,本文就中药鉴定的一般方法与技术进行了论述。

Traditional Chinese medicine is material basis for preventing and curing disease by traditional Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicinal materials are also crude drugs for Chinese herbal medicine and proprietary Chinese medicine.Of course,many traditional Chinese medicinal materials are widely used in clinical practice at present,however,authenticity of traditional Chinese medicine is prominent,spurious breed and adulterant are found in many common traditional Chinese medicine,such adulterate situation is serious.Good or bad quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials have an effect on safety and efficiency of clinical medication.For example,to imitate grifola by mini mushroom,yam by cassava;to mix American ginseng with dry radix ginseng,cementing to dynamiting into belly of seahorse,adding magnesium sulphate to dynamiting in the process of preparing naze by vinegar,steaming for one night before coming into the market for schlocky cornu antelopis to make its color excellent as well as dynamiting.Therefore,to identify authenticity of traditional Chinese medicine is premise to guarantee safety and efficiency of clinical medicine.In this paper,it describes general methods and technologies to identify traditional Chinese medicine.