掺拌不同废弃物对吹填土快速脱盐后土壤性质的影响

Effects of the Industrial and Agricultural Waste on the Soil Property after Rapid Desalting of Coastal Dredger Fill

试验选取了炉灰渣(LHZ)、锯末(JM)、粗砂(CS)、蘑菇棒(MGB)、诺沃肥(NWF)、腐殖酸(FZS)、秸秆(JG)、醋渣(CZ)、木糖醇渣(MTCZ)和稻壳(DK)等10种废弃物料,采用废弃物料掺拌改良与室内淋洗相结合的方法,研究不同废弃物料对吹填土快速脱盐后土壤性质的影响,筛选吹填土高效改良材料。结果表明,与未掺拌废弃物料处理(CK)相比较,滨海吹填土脱盐过程中掺拌废弃物料可降低快速脱盐后吹填土容重,以JM效果最好,较CK降低了40.66%;可提高土壤渗透速率、非毛管孔隙度,以LHZ效果最好,较CK分别提高了1.03 mm·min-1和3.43个百分点;亦可提高土壤毛管孔隙度,以JM效果最好,较CK提高了31.18%;在一定程度上有助于土壤pH值降低,以FZS效果最好,较CK降低7.74%。综合而言,掺拌废弃物料在一定程度上均提高了滨海吹填土快速脱盐后土壤性质,其中以锯末(JM)和炉灰渣(LHZ)改良土壤结构效果最佳,腐殖酸(FZS)抑制脱盐碱化效果最佳。

This study aims to explore effects of the industrial and agricultural waste as a soil conditioner to improve the soil property after soil rapid desalting.10 kinds of industrial and agricultural waste were selected,including furnace ash(LHZ),sawdust(JM),coarse sand(CS),mushroom rods(MGB),carbon(NWF),humic acid fertilizer(FZS),straw(JG),vinegar residue(CZ),xylose cinder(MTCZ)and rice husk(DK),and treatment without the industrial and agricultural waste was as control(CK).The results showed that,compared with CK,the industrial and agricultural waste could decrease the soil bulk and the pH,increase the soil capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity,and also could increase the soil penetration rate.In 10 kinds of industrial and agricultural waste,JM was better than the other wastes in decreasing the soil bulk that decreased by 40.66%compared to CK;LHZ was better in increasing the soil capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity that increased by 1.03 mm·min^-1 and 3.43 percentages compared to CK;JM was better in increasing the soil penetration rate that increased by 31.18%compared to CK;FZS was better in decreasing the pH that decreased by 7.74%compared to CK.In conclusion,adding the industrial and agricultural waste could effectively improve the soil property after soil rapid desalting,and it worked best with JM and LHZ to improve soil structure,and it worked best with FZS to decrease pH.