我国制造业转型升级绩效评价研究

Research on Performance Evaluation of China's Manufacturing Transformation and Upgrading

我国制造业面临着经济增速放缓、生产成本上升和资源环境约束增强等多重挤压,亟需转型升级。从经济效益、自主创新和绿色发展构建制造业转型升级评价指标体系,基于2006-2016年全国30个省市制造业的面板数据,采用主成分分析法测度了各省制造业转型升级绩效及动态变化趋势。结果表明:(1)各省制造业转型升级成效明显,但内部结构呈现出新的变化;(2)自主创新对各省制造业转型升级起着决定性作用,而后期经济效益与绿色发展增速呈现出相反的趋势变化;(3)我国东、中、西部制造业转型升级成效不均衡,地区间差异显著,尤其东北地区因体制困扰、西部地区因资源匮乏,制造业长期面临着巨大的转型升级难点。

China’s manufacturing industry is facing multiple extrusion dilemmas,such as slowing down economic growth,rising production costs and strengthening the constraints of resources and environment.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2016,principal component analysis(PCA)was used to measure the performance and dynamic change trend of manufacturing transformation and upgrading.The results show that:(1)the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry in various provinces have achieved remarkable results,but the internal structure has shown new changes;(2)independent innovation plays a decisive role in the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry in various provinces,while the latter economic benefits and green development growth rate show opposite trend changes;(3)the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry in eastern,central and Western China is not.Equilibrium,significant differences between regions,especially in the northeast region due to institutional problems,the western region due to lack of resources,manufacturing industry has long been facing enormous difficulties in transformation and upgrading.