合作化运动与农民社会心理变迁——以西南民族地区为个案的考察

Cooperative Movement and the Change of Farmers' Social Psychology:a Case Study of Southwest Ethnic Minority Areas

合作化时期,党和人民政府凭借强大的政权力量介入到乡村日常生活中。带着各种对社会主义的不同认识,西南民族地区农民的社会心理是复杂的,有衷心拥护合作化的,有功利性参与的,有观望的,也有反对合作化运动的。从总体上来说,农民加入合作社并不是出于自主的理性选择,而是利益、政策与环境多重作用和互动的结果。然而无论农民的心态如何复杂,最终中国共产党却在没有发生社会震荡的情况下,领导西南民族地区广大农民怀着对社会主义美好生活的憧憬,完成了历史上最伟大的社会变革,走上了社会主义道路。

During the period of cooperation,the party and the people's government intervened in the daily life in the countryside with powerful political power.With a different understanding of socialism,the farmers'social psychology in southwest minority area was complex,with wholehearted cooperation,utilitarian participation,a wait-and-see attitude,but against the cooperative movement at the same time.Generally speaking,the farmers'joining cooperatives was not based on the rational choice of autonomy,but the interests of policy and environment,multiple roles and interactive results However,no matter how complicated the mentality,the social turmoil of the situation did not happen,the Chinese Communist Party leaded the southwest national area farmers with a better life of the socialist vision,completed the history of the great social change,embarked on the road ofsocialism.