遵循传统:克服理解相对主义倾向的一个历史尝试

Adhering to tradition: A historical attempt to overcome the tendency of relativism in hermeneutics

理解的相对主义倾向,是理解理论一直以来所极力避免的。将正确的理解建立在坚守传统的基础之上,是特伦托会议的一个积极的尝试。理解活动从根本上说,是不断地回到传统,筹划解决传统问题的回溯式前行。而传统却完全不能保证可以让人们获得正确的理解。虽然传统必然为理解活动提供基础,但传统与文本之间的张力,却是诱发理解的相对主义倾向的一个重要因素。正是与文本之间存在必然张力的传统,非但没有阻碍我们进行理解,反而使理解活动得以不断扬弃、超越自身,从而不断发展。

In understanding theories,the tendency of relativism has always been what should be attempted to avoid.It was a positive attempt of General Council of Trent to base the correct understanding on adhering to tradition.Essentially speaking,the activity of understanding is to return to tradition,which means planning a retrospective forward to solve the traditional problems.However,tradition does not ensure that we can obtain the correct understanding.Although the tradition could inevitably provide the basis for understanding,the tension between tradition and the text is an important factor in evoking the tendency of relativism.It is tradition between which and the text there exists inevitable tension that,rather than hindering our understanding,keeps pushing our understanding to sublate and transcend itself,hence rendering constant development possible.