实用主义起源于一场误会吗?——对古典实用主义的产生与内在谱系的历史考察

Does pragmatism originate from a misunderstanding? Historical investigation into the emergence and intrinsic pedigree of classical pragmatism

皮尔士等人所建立的形而上学俱乐部是实用主义的直接来源,其成员都对实用主义的产生做出了贡献。皮尔士受到经院实在论、精确实验科学的影响,这使他的实用主义原则带有自身的特色。随着詹姆斯对皮尔士原则的推广和运用,两人对实用主义的真正内涵产生了分歧和争论。而杜威则综合了皮尔士和詹姆斯的思想,最终构建了实用主义的完整体系,这充分表明实用主义的产生与发展是具有内在谱系的。

The metaphysical club established by Peirce and others is a direct source of pragmatism,and its members have contributed to the emergence of pragmatism.Peirce is influenced by scholastic realism and accurate experimental science,which renders pragmatism its own characteristics.With the promotion and application of pragmatical principle by James,there is a disagreement and controversy between them over the real intention of pragmatism.Dewey integrated the ideas of Peirce and James,and finally built a comprehensive system of pragmatism.It is fully demonstrated that the emergence and development of pragmatism have an inherent genealogy.