日本商业特许经营合同中的收益保证规则及对我国的启示

Profit guarantee rules of Japanese commercial franchise contract and its inspiration to China

在商业特许经营合同缔约阶段,特许人对潜在受许人负有信息披露的义务。但是在现实中,特许人提供给潜在受许人的信息往往存在夸大甚至虚假的情形。而其中,最为典型的就是加盟后的收益保证信息。虽然我国对于商业特许经营合同中的收益保证采取的是消极回避态度,但是因收益保证而产生的纠纷却呈逐年增长的趋势。因此,有必要尽快确立我国商业特许经营合同中的收益保证规则。确立该规则并非易事,需要对大量的相关判例进行分析和研究,探索其理论依据和判断标准。通过对日本商业特许经营合同中收益保证规则的比较研究,认为协作义务理论是收益保证规则产生的理论依据,未来我国应当确立概括式和判例式相结合的收益保证规则。

At the stage of contracting a commercial franchise contract,the franchisor has the obligation to disclose information to potential recipients.But in reality,the information that the franchisee provides to the potential recipients often exists in exaggerated or even false situations.Among them,the most typical representative is the return guarantee after joining.Although China adopts a negative avoidance attitude towards the income guarantee in the commercial franchise contract,the disputes arising from the guarantee of income increase year by year.Therefore,it is necessary to establish the income guarantee rules in our commercial franchise contract as soon as possible.However,it is not easy to establish the rules.It is necessary to analyze and study a large number of relevant cases,and to explore its theoretical basis and criteria for judgment.Based on the comparative study of the guarantee rules in Japanese commercial franchise contracts,the present essay holds that the theory of cooperative obligation is the theoretical basis for the rule of income guarantee.In the future,we should establish a rule of combination of general rule and case law.