唯一选择问句:一种表示三类情态意义的新兴结构

The alternative question with the only choice: A new structure with three modality meanings

"唯一选择问句"是一种表示情态意义的新兴结构。它借用了汉语选择问句的形式,但若干个选择项完全相同,而且一般都要使用关联词"是……还是"以及语气词"呢"。唯一选择问句可以表示动力情态[意愿]、认识情态[必然]和道义情态[必要]三类情态语义。这是由于选择义和三类情态语义都涉及"可能世界"。[非述人][非可控]动词和体标记"了1""过"具有滤除唯一选择问句[必要]义的作用。

The alternative question with the only choice is a new structure.These questions look like other Chinese alternative questions,however all options are the same.Conjunctive word Shi……Haishi and modal particle Ne is needed.These questions with the only choice can express three different modality meanings:dynamic modality [willingness],epistemic modality [inevitability],and deontic modality [necessity].The reason is that choice and all of the three modality meanings have relation to the possible world.Verbs with semantic features [-human] and [-controllable] and aspect markers Le and Guo can exclude the necessity meaning.The reason is that it is unreasonable to hold a person responsible for things he can not control.