脐带结扎的方式对新生儿并发症的影响

Effect of umbilical cord ligature on neonatal complications

目的探讨不同脐带结扎方式对新生儿并发症的影响。方法回顾性分析2016年1月～2017年10月首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院怀柔妇幼保健院产科自勉出生的新生儿,分别按照早期脐带结扎、挤勒脐带结扎和延迟脐带结扎三种方式结扎,每组各纳入50例,对三组新生儿出生12-24h的血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(Hct)和部分并发症发生情况进行比较分析。结果延迟结扎组Hb高于挤勒结扎组和早期结扎组,挤勒结扎组Hb高于早期结扎组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。延迟结扎组和挤勒结扎组Hct高于早期结扎组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),但延迟结扎组与挤勒结扎组差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。延迟结扎组和挤勒结扎组贫血发生率低于早期结扎组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),挤勒结扎组和延迟结扎组差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05),各组高胆红素血症和红细胞增多症的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论延迟结扎和挤勒结扎可减少新生儿部分并发症的发生,尤其是挤勒结扎易于操作,有利于在基层医院临床推广。

Objective To investigate the different effect of umbilical cord methods on neonatal complications.Methods A total of 150 newborns from January 2016 to October 2017 in Huairou District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Beijing City were retrospectively analyzed,and they were divided into early cord clamping(ECC)group,squeezed umbilical cord clamping group and delayed cord clamping(DCC)group according to ligating methods,with 50 newborns in each group.The occurrence of Hb,Hct and complications of newborns in three groups 12-24 h after delivery were compared.Results The Hb of DCC group was higher than that of squeezed umbilical cord clamping group and ECC group,squeezed umbilical cord clamping group was higher than that of ECC group,the differences were statistically significant(P﹤0.05).Levels of Hct inDCC group and squeezed umbilical cord clamping group were higher than that in ECC group,the differences were statistically significant(P﹤0.05),but there was no statistical significance between the DCC group and squeezed umbilical cord clamping group(P﹥0.05).The incidence of anemia in DCC group and squeezed umbilical cord clamping group was lower than ECC group,the differences were statistically significant(P﹤0.05),but there was no statistical significance between squeezed umbilical cord clamping group and DCC group(P﹥0.05).The incidence of hyperbilirubin and erythremia in each groups showed no statistically significant difference(P﹥0.05).Conclusion DCC and squeezed umbilical cord clamping can reduce part of complications those occur in neonatal,especially the squeezed umbilical cord clamping,it is easy to operate and improve the health of neonatal prognosis,it is conducive to clinical promotion in primary hospitals.