信息不对称对医患关系的影响及对策研究

Influence of information asymmetry on doctor-patient relationship and countermeasures-taking citizen participation as the main point of view

由于医生掌握了丰富专业知识和关于医疗方案的大量信息,而普通患者由于缺乏医学专业知识而处于被动地位,所以医疗领域存在典型的信息不对称现象,这对医患关系具有重要影响,也是造成医患矛盾的重要根源。在造成信息不对称现象的诸多原因中,卫生决策中公民参与的缺失是一个容易被忽略的关键因素:普通公民没有深入了解卫生决策信息的机会,在具体诊疗过程中始终处于被动接受的局面。通过研究得出的对策是,为了消减信息不对称对医患关系的负面影响,必须从这几个方面着力:一要构建开放的卫生决策参与机制,二要构建医患沟通基础上的共同诊疗决策模式,三要健全医疗保险制度和医生薪酬体系,四要加强疾病知识的宣讲。

As doctors have mastered a lot of professional knowledge and a lot of information about medical programs,and the common patients are in a passive position because of lack of medical expertise,there are typical information asymmetry in the medical field,which has an important influence on the relationship between doctors and patients,and is also an important source of the contradiction between doctors and patients.Among the reasons for information asymmetry,the lack of citizen participation in health decision-making is a key factor that is easy to be ignored:the ordinary citizen has no opportunity to understand the information of health decision-making,and is always in a passive acceptance in the process of diagnosis and treatment.In order to reduce the negative impact of information asymmetry on the relationship between doctors and patients,we must focus on these aspects:firstly,build an open health decision-making participation mechanism;secondly,to build a common diagnosis and treatment model based on doctor and patient communication;thirdly,to improve the medical insurance system and the doctors′salary system,and finally to strengthen the propaganda of disease knowledge.