存款竞争对信贷市场的影响研究——基于利率市场化进程的考察

A Study of the Impact of Deposit Competition on Credit Market——Based on the Process of Interest Rate Liberalization in China

本文基于96家中国商业银行2007—2016年的非平衡面板数据,实证检验了存款竞争对信贷市场的影响。结果显示:(1)在贷款总额上,存款竞争显著增加了中国商业银行总贷款投放。(2)在贷款价格上,存款竞争能显著增加商业银行贷款利率,但是这种关系因银行面临存款竞争压力的不同而存在差异。在银行面临的存款竞争压力较大时,存款竞争显著地增加了商业银行贷款利率;而当银行面临的存款竞争压力较弱时,存款竞争对商业银行贷款利率无明显影响。(3)在不良贷款率方面,存款竞争整体上提高了中国商业银行的不良贷款率,但在银行面临不同的存款竞争压力时,这二者的关系也存在差异。当银行面临的存款竞争压力较大时,存款竞争显著地增加了商业银行不良贷款率;而当银行存款竞争压力较弱时,存款竞争对商业银行不良贷款率也无明显影响。(4)存款竞争对贷款利率与不良贷款率的影响因贷款竞争强度的变化而变化,随着贷款竞争强度的加剧,存款竞争对贷款利率及不良贷款率均无明显影响。

Based on the unbalanced panel data of 96 Chinese commercial banks from 2007 to 2016,this paper empirically examines the impact of deposit competition on the credit market.The results show that:(1)In terms of total loans,deposit competition has significantly increased the total number of loan delivery of Chinese commercial banks.(2)In terms of loan prices,deposit competition can generally and significantly increase the interest rate of commercial banks;however,this relationship is different due to the pressure of banks facing deposit competition.When banks are faced with more pressure on deposit competition,the interest rate of commercial bank loans has been significantly increased by the deposit competition.When the pressure on deposit competition faced by banks is weak,deposit competition has no significant impact on the interest rate of commercial bank loans.(3)In terms of non-performing loan ratio,deposit competition has generally improved the non-performing loan ratio of Chinese commercial banks;however,when banks face different pressures on deposit competition,the relationship between the two also differs.When it is larger,the deposit competition significantly increases the non-performing loan ratio of commercial banks.When it is weaker,the deposit competition has no significant impact on the non- performing loan ratio of commercial banks.(4)The impact of deposit competition on loan interest rate and non-performing loan ratio changes due to the changing loan competition.With the increase of loan competition,deposit competition has no significant impact on loan interest rate and non-performing loan ratio.