空气气压泵肢体循环驱动仪预防肾移植术后深静脉血栓形成的管理

The prevention management of deep vein thrombosis after renal transplantation by air pressure pump limb circulation driver

目的探讨肾移植术后早期应用空气气压泵肢体循环驱动仪对预防和减少肾移植术后患者下肢深静脉血栓(deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremity,LDVT)形成的管理。方法将80例肾移植术后患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,各组40例。对照组仅行常规住院治疗和管理,对症处理;治疗组在对照组的基础上加用空气气压泵肢体循环驱动加压治疗,根据患者病情及耐受能力,遵医嘱每日2次,每次30 min, 7 d为一个疗程。对两组患者均于术后3、7、14 d行移植肾及双下肢深静脉彩色超声多普勒检查,观察LDVT发生情况,同时测量股静脉血流的速度,所得数据予以统计学分析。结果治疗组40例,无1例LDVT形成。对照组40例,LDVT发生4例,均发生在移植肾术侧,肾静脉血栓3例,大隐静脉血栓1例。两组LDVT发生率差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论空气气压泵肢体循环驱动仪能够预防和减少LDVT的发生,提高肾移植术后患者的恢复质量,方法操作简单,安全有效。

Objective To investigate the effect of early use of pneumatic circulator on airway pressure in renal transplant recipients to prevent and reduce the formation of deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremity(LDVT)after renal transplantation.Methods A total number of 80 cases of renal transplantation patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,40 cases in each group.In the control group,the patient received only routine hospitalization and nursing,symptomatic treatment;in the treatment group,the patient received based on the control group plus air pressure pump limb circulation driven compression therapy,according to the patient's condition and tolerance,as directed by the doctor twice daily,each 30 min,7 d for a course of treatment.Two groups of patients underwent color Doppler ultrasound examination of the grafts and deep veins of both lower extremities at 3 d,7 d and 14 d after operation to observe the incidence of LDVT and to measure the velocity of femoral vein blood flow,and the data were statistically analyzed analysis.Results The observation group of 40 cases,no case of LDVT formation.The control group of 40 cases,LDVT occurred in 4 cases,all occurred in the renal transplantation side,3 cases of renal vein thrombosis,saphenous vein thrombosis in 1 case.The incidence of LDVT between the two groups was statistically significant(P﹤0.05)Conclusion It is safe and effective to use air circulator to prevent and reduce the incidence of LDVT and improve the nursing quality of patients.