“融合型”运动员人力资本产权归属配置问题的法律研究

Legal Research on the Ownership and Allocation of Property Rights of "Fusion-type" Athletes' Human Capital

"融合型"运动员是我国转轨时期体育改革的产物,其人力资本的形成具有"多元"的投资主体,且运动员人力资本产权在市场交易中蕴含了较大的生产能力。在市场经济改革过程中,"融合型"运动员人力资本产权的主导力量正在发生转变,旧有的产权归属划分和配置方式面临挑战。通过剖析李娜、孙杨和周琦这3名运动员人力资本形成以及产权归属配置的具体情况,析出我国"融合型"运动员人力资本产权在市场交易过程中存在的问题。纵向结合国外职业运动员人力资本形成及产权的配置情况,研探西方资本主义市场经济环境下,职业运动员人力资本产权的交易经验;横向跨界分析我国演艺界人士人力资本形成及产权交易改革的发展轨迹并汲取相关经验。尝试构建我国"市场法制型"运动员人力资本产权归属配置的基本模型。从法学角度讨论分析我国"融合型"运动员与多元产权主体之间的关系演变、运动员人力资本产权的合法性裁定以及未来我国"融合型"运动员转向"市场法制型"运动员过程中人力资本产权归属配置的法治路径。

"Fusion-type" athletes are the product of sports reform in the transitional period of our country. The formation of athletes’ human capital has “multiple” investment subjects and the property rights of athletes’ human capital contain a large production capacity in market transactions. In the process of market economy reform, the leading force of property rights of “fusion-type" athletes’ human capital is changing. The old division of property ownership and the methods of allocation are facing challenges. By analyzing the formation of human capital and the allocation of property rights of Li Na, Sun Yang and Zhou Qi, this paper points out the problems existing in the process of market transaction of property rights of athletes’ human capital in China. Longitudinally combined with the formation of human capital and the allocation of property rights of foreign star professional athletes, this paper explores the trading experience of the property rights of professional athletes’ human capital in the western capitalist market economy environment; With the horizontal cross-border analysis of the formation of human capital and the development track in the trading reform of property rights transaction of stars in the show business in China, the paper draws relevant experience. This paper attempts to construct the basic model of the allocation of property rights of "market legal" athletes’ human capital in China. From the perspective of jurisprudence, this paper discusses and analyses the evolution of the relationship between “fusion-type" athletes and pluralized properties, the legal adjudication of property rights of athletes' human capital, and the choice of the legal way of ownership and allocation of property rights of human capital of “fusion-type" athletes who turn to "market legal" athletes in China in the future.