描述和计量流体流动与泄漏的新系统性量和单位

New Systematic Quantities and Units for Describing and Measuring Fluid Flow and Leakage

任何物理现象、物体或物质的变化都是其相关物理量的变化。物理量分为基本量和导出量,7个基本量都是人为规定的因而均不可用其它量表达,导出量是可用其它量表达的,表达式往往源自定律或定理的等式。除流阻和流抗与电阻和电抗的产生机理不同外,流路中的流体分子流动犹如电路中的电子流动,即流路中的流体流等于流路两端的压力除以两端间的流阻与流抗之和,其中流体流、流体压力、流阻和流抗分别对应电流、电压、电阻和电抗,或者说,流阻和流抗有与电阻和电抗对应的确立定律和定义。只有使用包括有新发现的、与电阻和电抗对应的流阻和流抗的系统性物理量及其表达式,才能致流体的流动与泄漏得到充分描述、理解和控制。

A change of any physical phenomenon, body or substance is its change in a related physical quantity. Physical quantities are divided into base quantities and derived quantities. All the seven base quantities are artificially defined and cannot be expressed in terms of the other. Any derived quantity can be expressed in terms of other quantities and the expression is often from the equation of a law or theorem. Except that fluid resistance and reactance generating mechanisms are different from electric resistance and reactance generating mechanisms, the flow of molecules in fluid circuits is like the flow of electrons in electric circuits, or a fluid current in a fluid circuit equals the fluid pressure divided by the sum of fluid resistance and the fluid reactance between two ends of the fluid circuit, where the fluid current, pressure, resistance and reactance respectively correspond to the electric current, pressure, resistance and reactance, or the fluid resistance and reactance have defining laws and equations corresponding to those of electric resistance and reactance. Therefore, it is by using systematic physical quantities and their expressions including the newly discovered fluid resistance and reactance corresponding to the electric resistance and reactance that the fluid flow and leakage can be caused to be fully described, understood and controlled.