双壳船体结构在楔形物撞击下的损伤特性试验及数值仿真分析

Test and numerical analysis on the damage characteristics of double-hull ship structures suffering head-on collision by a wedge indenter

[目的]船舶碰撞的后果往往是灾难性的,尤其是由双壳油轮碰撞或搁浅事故所造成的海洋生态灾难,多年都难以恢复。为评估双壳结构的耐撞性能,开展双壳船体结构在楔形物撞击下的损伤特性试验与仿真研究。[方法]首先,针对双壳体结构模型开展准静态碰撞实验;然后,利用有限元软件LS-DYNA对双壳体结构试验模型进行数值仿真。[结果]结果显示:试验和数值仿真结果在撞击载荷响应与变形破坏模式上吻合较好;双壳体结构内、外壳板的变形及破坏模式区别较大;内、外壳板之间的横隔板产生的塑性变形会延迟外壳板的断裂。[结论]所做研究可用于船体舷侧结构或船底结构在遭受碰撞或搁浅时的损伤性能评估。

[Objectives]The result of ship collision is often catastrophic,especially a marine ecological disaster caused by the collision or stranding of double-hull oil tanker is difficult to recover from for many years.In order to assess the crashworthiness of double-hull structure,the test and simulation study on the damage characteristics of double-hull ship structures subjected to head-on collision on by a wedge indenter were conducted.[Methods]First,quasi-static indentation experiment is performed for double-hull structure model.Then the finite-element software LS-DYNA is used to perform numerical simulation of the double-hull structure test model.[Results]The study results indicate the test matches well with the numerical simulation in terms of collision load response and deformation modes.There is great difference between the deformation and damage modes of the outer plate and inner plate of the double hull.Due to the plastic deformation in web girder between the outer and inner plates,the fracture initiation in outer plate was delayed.[Conclusions]The results in this research could be used to assess the damage characteristics of boardside structure or ship bottom structure during under collision or stranding.