抑癌基因甲基化与结直肠癌风险因素的研究进展

Methylation of tumor suppressor genes and risk factors of colorectal cancer

虽然诊断方法及治疗方案不断优化,但结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)发病率及死亡率仍在不断攀升.因此"治未病"才是解决问题的关键,近年来抑癌基因启动子CpG岛(CpG islands, CGI)高甲基化由于其有可逆性特点及其是CRC发生发展的早期事件,并且影响药物耐药性、疾病治疗及患者预后,一直是研究的热点.此外研究表明不良饮食选择、缺乏身体活动、过量饮酒和不健康体重等CRC危险因素调节启动子CGI高甲基化,这将有助于开发新的与甲基化相关的癌症预防策略.本文主要从抑癌基因甲基化与CRC风险因素相关关系、意义及调节机制方面做相关介绍.

Although the diagnostic methods and treatment options are continuously optimized,the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer(CRC)are still rising.Therefore,“preventive treatment of disease”is the key to solving this problem.In recent years,hypermethylation of promoter CpG islands(CGIs)in tumor suppressor genes has been a hot research topic because it is reversible and early events in the development of CRC,and affects drug resistance,disease treatment,and patient prognosis.CRC risk factors such as poor dietary choice,lack of physical activity,excessive drinking,and unhealthy weight can regulate promoter CGI hypermethylation,which will help develop new methylation-related cancer prevention strategies.This article mainly introduces the significance and regulatory mechanism of methylation of tumor suppressor genes and its relationship with risk factors in CRC.