先进材料连接技术综述

REVIEW OF ADVANCED MATERIAL BONDING TECHNOLOGY

广义上实现材料连接有多种方法,如机械连接、化学连接(胶接)、冶金连接等。相比机械连接和化学连接,冶金连接可以通过材料间的熔合、物质迁移和塑性变形等而形成的材料在原子间距水平上的连接,连接强度高、刚度大,且服役环境和温度可以与被连接材料(母材)相当。因此冶金连接成为材料连接的主要方法,应用最为广泛。选择近几十年内新兴的连接技术,如电子束焊、摩擦焊技术,对这些技术的基本原理、特征以及应用三个方面进行了全面的归纳和总结,旨在对材料连接的新技术和新工艺有一个总体的认识和了解。

In general,there are many methods to realize material bonding,such as mechanical bonding,chemical bonding (adhesive bonding),metallurgical bonding and so on.Compared with mechanical and chemical bonding,metallurgical bonding can be formed by fusion of materials,material migration and plastic deformation,etc.,which can be connected at the atomic distance level.The connection strength is high and the stiffness is high.And the service environment and temperature can be comparable to the connection material (base metal).Therefore,metallurgical bonding has become the main method of material bonding and is most widely used.In this paper,some new connecting technologies,such as electron beam welding and friction welding,are selected.The basic principle,characteristics and application of these technologies are summarized and summarized in this paper.Be able to have a general understanding of the new technology and process of material bonding.