混配除草剂对燕麦田杂草的防效及燕麦产量的影响

Effect of herbicides mixture on weed control efficacy and oat yield

为了筛选适宜燕麦(Avena sativa)田使用的安全、高效的混配除草剂组合,选用96%精异丙甲草胺乳油和10%苄嘧磺隆可湿性粉剂、57%2,4-D丁酯乳油和10%乙羧氟草醚乳油按照不同比例两两组合,混配后施于燕麦田,研究其对燕麦田杂草的防除效果以及对燕麦安全性和产量的影响。结果表明,不同除草剂处理对杂草的防效差异显著(P <0.05),混配处理的防效普遍高于各单剂处理。T5和T9对杂草的防效最好,但后者对燕麦有药害。综合安全性、除草效果及对燕麦的增产作用,筛选出综合效应最佳的混配组合,即57%2,4-D丁酯乳油438.5 mL·hm^(–2)+10%乙羧氟草醚乳油300 mL·hm^(–2)(T12);其药后30 d的鲜重防效达87.99%,燕麦干草产量为9 875.3 kg·hm^(–2),燕麦种子产量为4 314.3 kg·hm^(–2)。

In order to select suitable combinations of herbicides for oat fields, 96% S-metolachlor in combination with 10% bensulfuron methyl and 57% 2,4-D butyl ester with 10% fluoroglycofen were evaluated in different ratios and concentrations for their weed control efficacy, oat yield, and safety. The results showed that there were significant differences among the treatments (P < 0.05). The average control effect of mixed herbicides was higher than that of the single agents: T5 and T9 had the highest weed control efficacy, but the latter injured oat plants. For a safe combination, weed control efficacy, and oat yield improvement, the best combination was 57% 2,4-D butyl ester (438.5 mL·ha^–1) and 10% fluoroglycofen (300 mL·ha^–1)(T12), which resulted in 87.99% weed control efficacy, 9 875.3 kg·ha^–1 oat hay yield, and 4 314.3 kg·ha^–1 grain yield.