酿饲兼用型高粱和粮饲兼用型玉米饲用价值比较

Comparison of the feeding values of brewing-forage sorghum and grain-forage maize

为了比较不同种植方式下酿饲兼用高粱和粮饲兼用玉米的饲用价值,本研究以陇东旱塬露地种植的酿饲兼用高粱(Sorghum bicolor)和全膜双垄沟播种植的粮饲兼用玉米(Zea mays)为研究材料,进行了两者饲用物质产量的比较试验和经济效益分析,测定了其乳熟期全株和成熟期秸秆的营养成分和饲用价值,并从营养成分、饲用品质、和饲用能量等方面进行统计分析。结果表明:种植露地酿饲兼用高粱的经济效益高于全膜粮饲兼用玉米;乳熟期,露地酿饲兼用高粱饲用营养成分、饲用品质和饲用净能等大部分指标低于全膜粮饲兼用玉米,存在显著差异(P <0.05);成熟期结果与乳熟期相反,但二者秸秆营养成分、饲用品质和饲用净能等指标差异均不显著(P> 0.05);露地酿饲兼用高粱每公顷的粗蛋白产量、总可消化养分、干物质产奶净能高于粮饲兼用玉米,差异极显著(P <0.01)。露地种植酿饲兼用高粱的经济效益和成熟期秸秆饲用价值优于全膜玉米,建议在西北旱作区露地种植酿饲兼用高粱代替全膜粮饲兼用玉米。

To compare the feeding values of brewing-forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and rain-forage maize (Zea mays) under different planting methods, we studied brewing-forage sorghum planted in an open field and grain-forage maize planted by whole field surface plastic mulching and double ridge-furrowing in Longdong dryland. A feed material yield comparison test and an economic benefit analysis of the two crops were carried out. Additionally, the nutritional composition, feeding value, and net energy were analyzed both at the milk stage of the whole plant and in mature straw. The results showed that the economic benefit of planting brewing-forage sorghum in an open field is higher than that of grainforage maize planted by whole field surface plastic mulching and double ridge-furrowing. Most indicators of nutritional composition, feed quality, and net energy of brewing-forage sorghum were significantly lower than those of grain-forage maize at the milk stage (P < 0.05). At the mature stage, the opposite results were observed, but the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). The crude protein yield, total digestible nutrients, and dry matter milk net value of brewing-forage sorghum per hectare were higher than those of grain-forage maize, showing extremely significant differences (P < 0.01). The economic benefit and feeding value of brewing-forage sorghum straw planted in an open field were better than those of whole film grain-forage maize at the mature stage. Thus, brewing-forage sorghum should be planted in an open field rather than under whole film double furrow sowing that is used for grain-forage maize in the northwest dry farming area of China.