纳米流体强化沸腾换热研究进展

Progress in the Researches on Enhancement Effects of Nanofluids on Boiling Heat Transfer

纳米流体是一种新型换热工质,十分易于制备,且与传统换热工质相比具有更高的热导率,与微米/毫米颗粒悬浮液相比具有更高的稳定性,在流动状态下纳米流体的压降也与传统换热工质的压降基本相同,因此纳米流体被广泛应用于各种工程换热领域,对提高传统散热方式下的热流密度具有重要研究价值。主要介绍了纳米流体的应用领域、制备方法、热物性特点、纳米流体对沸腾换热系数和临界热流密度的影响因素(粒径、浓度、亲疏水性和加热表面性质等),最后对未来纳米流体强化沸腾换热的研究趋势进行了展望。

Nanofluid is a new kind of working fluid for heat transfer,which can be prepared easily and has higher thermal conductivity than conventional working fluid.It is highly stable compared with suspensions containing micron/millimeter particles and the pressure drop in flow of a nanofluid is nearly the same as that of a conventional fluid.Thus nanofluids are widely used in cooling applications and have great potential for enhancing heat dissipation heat flux.This paper has reviewed the applications,preparation and physical properties of nanofluids,effects of nanofluids on boiling heat transfer(including nanoparticles diameter,concentration,wettability and properties of heating surface).Finally,the challenges for investigations on boiling heat transfer of nanofluids in the future were prospected.