mRNA中N^6-甲基腺苷修饰及其在动物中的研究进展

N^6-methyladenosine Modification in mRNA and Its Research Advance in Animals

N^6-甲基腺苷(m^6A)修饰是动物RNA修饰中最丰富的一种,其受甲基转移酶、脱甲基酶和m^6A结合蛋白的动态调控。mRNA中m^6A修饰可以调节大多数RNA代谢过程以及在动物体内发挥重要的生理作用。本文主要介绍了动物mRNA中m^6A修饰的分布与表达、检测方法、甲基化代谢相关酶及其生理功能的研究进展,并对目前m^6A修饰研究中存在的问题或挑战进行展望,为进一步研究m^6A修饰提供参考。

The N^6-methyladenosine(m^6A)modification is the most abundant RNA modification in animals,and is dynamically regulated by methyltransferase,demethylase and m^6A binding protein.In mRNA,m^6A modification can regulate most RNA metabolism processes and play an important physiological role in animals.In this review,the research progress of distribution and expression,detection methods,enzymes related to methylation metabolism and their physiological functions of m^6A modification in animals are well introduced.Besides,the existing problems or challenges in the current m^6A modification research are prospected in the present study,which will provide reference for further study on m^6A modification.