《里海法律地位公约》的签署及其影响

Signing of Convention on the Legal Status of Caspian Sea and Its Implications

苏联解体后里海地缘政治格局发生巨大变迁,以法律地位和权益分配为争议焦点的里海问题急剧凸显并得到国际社会广泛关注。里海法律地位之争只是表象,利益之争方为实质。在美国退出伊核协议及其对伊制裁、俄美关系持续恶化及两国在中东地缘政治角逐与博弈、里海沿岸各国利益诉求得到满足等因素推动下,里海沿岸5国于2018年8月签署《里海法律地位公约》。该公约为调解地区事务奠定了法律基础,对于确保里海安全稳定、促进地区能源格局转变、构筑地区新型合作关系将产生积极影响。与此同时,该公约仍是在特殊国际背景下签署的框架性法律文件,其未来落实情况及对地区形势变化的影响,仍有待进一步观察。

Because of huge differences in the political and economic interests of the five coastal countries,the legal status of the Caspian Sea has dragged on for a long time.The Convention on the Legal Status of Caspian Sea was signed on August 12,2018,which is a common victory for the coastal countries.The Convention was signed in the context of Russia and Iran suffering from US sanctions,fully respecting the interests of the coastal countries.It laid a legal foundation for mediating regional affairs and will have a positive and far-reaching impact on regional security and new cooperation.