生物法合成胞苷的研究进展

Research Progress in the Synthesis of Cytidine by Biological Methods

胞苷作为重要的抗肿瘤、抗病毒药物中间体,其合成方法与工业化进程可以说直接影响药物产品的研究和生产。而胞苷的合成方法上主要分为化学合成法与生物法,其中生物法是当今研究的热点,常见的方法有核糖核酸水解法、前体物添加发酵法和直接发酵法。而直接发酵法则以产率高、成本低等诸多优势成为研究重点,其研究核心在于通过现代分子生物技术进行稳定高产菌种的培育。本文简单概述了生物法合成胞苷的主要方法与途径,对解淀粉芽孢杆菌育种的实例进行了综述。

Cytidine is an important antitumor and antiviral drug intermediate.Its synthesis and industrialization process can directly affect the research and production of drug products.The synthesis methods of cytidine are mainly divided into chemical synthesis method and biological method,in which biological method is the hot spot of current research.The common methods are ribonucleic acid hydrolysis,precursor addition fermentation and direct fermentation.Direct fermentation has many advantages,such as high yield,low cost and so on.The core of direct fermentation is to breed stable and high yield strains by modern molecular biotechnology.In this paper,the main methods and pathways of biosynthesis of cytidine were briefly summarized,and the breeding examples of Bacillus amylolytic awere reviewed.