输电铁塔分段模型的风洞试验

Wind Tunnel Investigation on Segmented Transmission Tower

输电铁塔是架空输电线路中的重要电力设备,近年来我国沿海地区风致倒塔事故频发。为了研究输电铁塔的风荷载特性,该文进行了输电铁塔分段全尺寸模型的风洞试验研究。试验分别以风速和迎风角为独立变量,研究了分段铁塔模型风荷载随风速和迎风角的变化规律。结果表明:分段铁塔模型的竖向风荷载在中低风速下随风速变化符合指数规律,其系数与分段模型的类型有关;竖向风荷载随迎风角变化符合正弦规律,且不同分段模型正弦函数的周期和幅值不同。用拟合函数推算中高风速下的分段输电铁塔竖向力,计算结果表明随着风速增加,输电铁塔竖向风荷载呈一定的变化规律。研究结果可为输电铁塔防风防灾提供理论依据。

Transmission tower is an important power equipment for transmission line,the damage and collapse of transmission tower happen occasionally caused by typhoons on the coast of China during these years.In order to study the wind load of the tower,a research method of the wind load characteristics of the tower based on wind tunnel test was proposed.The segmented full-size tower models were used as the wind tunnel test models,the experiments were conducted with different wind speeds and wind angles,the variation of the wind loads was obtained.The results show that the wind loads change with the wind speed exponentially at low wind speed,and the basis of the exponential function is different in different models;the wind loads is a sine function over the wind angle,and the period and amplitude of the function is different in different model;the longitudinal force on different parts of the tower changes distinctly with different maximum value according to the fitting function.The tests results are of some reference to the design of transmission tower.