马克思主义的国际主义特性与内涵新考——基于“阶级联合”与“自由人的联合”双重视阈

A New Examination of the Characteristics and Connotations of Marxism's Internationalism——Based on the Double Perspective of “Class Union” and “Freeman Union”

虽然马克思恩格斯不是现代意义上的"国际主义"概念的最早提出者,但马克思主义的国际主义却是迄今为止人类社会影响最大、最广、最深远的国际主义思想。马克思恩格斯着眼于资本主义时代无产阶级受压迫的现状和人类对自身整体解放的追求,在他们共同创立的历史唯物主义基础上,提出了"阶级联合"和"自由人的联合"的号召与设想,赋予了"国际主义"以特定的性质和内涵。从"两个联合"的视阈出发,马克思主义的国际主义具有阶级特性、革命特性、实践特性、世界历史特性和共产主义特性,这些特性随着时代变迁和世界历史的发展,反映为无产阶级国际主义和人类共同体意识两个维度的内容,共同构成马克思主义国际主义的总体内涵。

Although Marx and Engels are not in the modern sense of the earliest proponents of the concept of"internationalism",Marxist internationalism is by far the most influential,broadest and most far reaching internationalist idea of human society.Marx and Engels focused on the status quo of the oppression of the proletariat in the capitalist era and the pursuit of human beings for their overall liberation.On the basis of the historical materialism they co founded,Marx and Engels put forward the call and assumption of"class union"and"union of free men",which endowed"internationalism"with specific nature and connotation.Starting from the perspective of"two unions",Marxist internationalism has class characteristics,revolutionary characteristics,practical characteristics,world historical characteristics and communist characteristics.These characteristics,along with the changes of the times and the development of world history,are reflected in two dimensions of internationalism and human community consciousness which together constitute the overall connotation of Marxist internationalism.