多孔整体柱固定化酶研究进展

New development and application of porous monoliths as solid supports for immobilization of enzymes

高效固定化酶载体的构建对于提高酶催化的反应速率和效率以及延长酶的使用寿命至关重要。多孔整体柱具有大的贯穿孔道和良好的通透性,易于改性,化学稳定性高。作为固定化酶的载体,可以为底物和产物提供快速的对流传质性能,从而提高酶催化的速率和效率,在保持酶高效专一及温和的催化反应特性的同时,克服了游离酶的不足,具有贮存稳定性高、操作连续可控、易分离回收、可重复使用、工艺简便等一系列优点。本文中,笔者总结了多孔整体柱应用于固定化酶的研究进展,探讨了不同整体柱材料和固定化酶方法对酶催化反应性能的影响。

Exploration of effective solid supports for immobilization of enzymes is highly desirable to improve the enzymatic catalysis efficiency and increase the operational life of enzymes.Porous monoliths containing large through-pores feature the advantages of high permeability to flow,ease of surface functionalization,and high chemical stabilities.These properties can provide rapid convective mass transport of substrates and products to the active site of the enzymes,which will remarkably enhance the enzymatic catalysis efficiency.Moreover,monolithic bioreactors enable continuous operation with simple process and high reusability.In this review,we summarize the new development of monoliths as solid supports for enzyme immobilization.Effects of monolithic matrix and immobilization methods on the enzymatic catalysis efficiency have been discussed.