孕妇对睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的认知情况及影响因素调查

Investigaion on influencing factors and maternal awareness and knowledge of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

目的了解孕妇对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,OSAS)的认知情况及打鼾者接受多导睡眠图监测的依从性。方法2016年4月至2017年4月,在中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇八医院及江西省妇幼保健院就诊或住院且自愿接受调查的孕妇589例纳入研究。采用自行设计的调查问卷调查孕妇对OSAS的认知情况(0分表示完全缺乏OSAS相关知识;1~4分表示对OSAS有部分认知;5分表示可以正确认知OSAS)及相关知识的获取途径。分析孕周、文化程度、打鼾情况及是否高危孕妇等对OSAS的认知情况的影响;分析打鼾孕妇对多导睡眠图监测的依从情况。采用χ2检验进行统计学分析。结果589例孕妇对OSAS疾病认知率普遍偏低,正确认知OSAS者(得5分)仅11例,占1.9%(11/589)。低学历孕妇完全缺乏OSAS相关知识者(得0分)的比例较高学历孕妇高[61.9%(78/126)与52.0%(241/463),χ^2=3.873,P=0.049]。不知是否打鼾孕妇缺乏OSAS相关知识者(得0分)的比例较知晓有、无打鼾孕妇高[67.0%(209/312)与35.6%(21/59)和40.8%(89/218),χ^2值分别为20.755和35.687,P值均<0.017]。不同妊娠期孕妇、是否高危孕妇对OSAS认知情况差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。共59例孕妇打鼾,其中接受多导睡眠图监测者仅15例,占25.4%;8例孕妇确诊为妊娠合并OSAS,占1.4%(8/589)。结论孕妇对OSAS疾病认知率低,尤其是低学历者以及不知晓自己是否打鼾的孕妇。认知不足导致打鼾孕妇接受多导睡眠图监测依从性差,故妊娠合并OSAS患者诊断率低。

ObjectiveTo investigate maternal awareness and knowledge of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)and their compliance with polysomnography monitoring in snoring gravidas.MethodsThis study enrolled 589 volunteered gravidas who were treated at the 908th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force or Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jiangxi Province from April 2016 to April 2017.The maternal knowledge of OSAS(0 point:complete lack of knowledge of OSAS;1 to 4 points:with partial knowledge of OSAS;5 points:correct understanding of OSAS)and the way of obtaining this knowledge were studied using a self-designed questionnaire.Influencing factors,including gestational weeks,educational background,snoring and high-risk pregnancy,were also analyzed.Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe 589 gravidas had few knowledge of OSAS and only 11 of them[1.9%(11/589)]were able to fully understand OSAS(5 points).The proportion of women who were completely lack the knowledge of OSAS(0 point)in those less-educated women was higher than in those well-educated group[61.9%(78/126)vs 52.0%(241/463),χ^2=3.873,P=0.049].Among the gravidas who were unaware of their snoring condition,those completely lack the knowledge of OSAS(0 point)accounted for 67.0%(209/312),which was higher than the percentage among gravidas knowing they had or did not have snoring problem[35.6%(21/59),40.8%(89/218);χ^2=20.755,35.687;both P<0.017].There was no significant difference in OSAS awareness among gravidas regardless of their gestations and whether they were classified as high-risk or not(all P>0.05).Of 59 gravidas with snoring,only 15(25.4%)accepted polysomnography monitoring.Eight out of the 589 gravidas(1.4%)were diagnosed with OSAS during pregnancy.ConclusionsGravidas have poor knowledge and awareness of OSAS,especially those with low educational background and not knowing their snoring condition,resulting in poor compliance with polysomnography monitoring and low diagnostic rate of OSAS during pregnancy.