污染性油泥中石油烃降解菌的分离与鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Hydrocarbon Degradation Bacteria from Contaminated Oil Sludge

石油开采过程中会产生大量有毒的含油污泥,严重污染环境。拟从2个不同油田的含油污泥中分离出高效石油烃降解菌,以期获得具有普适性、可强化生物降解的基础菌剂来经济高效地处理油泥。从2个油田共分离出3株石油烃降解菌1-A1、2-B1和2-B2,经鉴定分别为戴尔夫特菌(Delftia sp.)、寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas sp.)和芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.),3株菌在48 h内生长趋势相同。石油烃降解性能测定表明,菌株1-A1、2-B1和2-B2均能高效降解石油烃,48 h内降解率分别为73. 42%、90. 9%和80. 48%。表明可从油泥中获得石油烃降解菌作为油泥生物修复的基础菌剂,为未来油泥的微生物修复提供了一定的科学依据。

A large amount of toxic contaminated oil sludge will be generated in the process of oil extraction, causing heavy pollution to the surrounding environment. In order to treat the contaminated oil sludge in an efficient and low-cost way, we planned to separate high-efficiency hydrocarbon degradation bacteria from contaminated oil sludge samples in two different regional oilfields in this study, and expected to obtain adaptable and biodegradable basic microbial agents. In this paper, three hydrocarbon degradation bacteria 1-A1, 2-B1 and 2-B2 were isolated from two oilfields, which were identified as Delftia sp., Stenotrophomonas sp., and Bacillus sp. These three strains showed the same growth trend within 48 hours. 1-A1, 2-B1 and 2-B2 could degrade petroleum hydrocarbon efficiently, and the degradation rates within 48 hours were 73.42%, 90.9% and 80.48%, respectively.