刑法体系解释四层次论的展开与检验

The development and practical test of four levels of systematic interpretation of criminal law

刑法体系解释,是指对刑法规定进行解释时,要将具体的刑法规定放在系统当中进行解读,避免断章取义,避免与系统中的其他规定产生矛盾。当下多数关于刑法体系解释的论述认为,刑法体系解释是指将需要解释的刑法规定放在"刑法典"这一体系当中。此种界定,忽视了体系本身的层次性和刑法与法律体系的关系等方面,逻辑上不周延,在实践中也难以有效解决疑难案件。依据刑法条文结构特点和人类认知规律,刑法体系解释应当分为"微观的条文体系""中观的刑法典体系""宏观的法秩序统一体体系""全局的规范逻辑与情理价值体系"4个递进式的层次。4个层次是一个完整的体系性的有机整体,缺一不可。在运用刑法体系解释这一方法时,应当遵循"微观"→"中观"→"宏观"→"全局"这一递进式逻辑思维,对解释结果进行逐一严格检验,使罪刑法定原则得到坚守,使刑法规范与社会情理价值深度融合,得出既符合规范逻辑又符合情理价值的结论,实现法的公平正义。

The systematic interpretation of criminal lawrefers to theinterpretation of putting the specific criminal law into the whole system when explaining criminal law so as to have a complete understanding and avoid conflict with other provisions in criminal law system.Currently,most of the discussions on systematic interpretation of criminal law is that systematic interpretation of criminal law refers to putting criminal provisions that need explanation into the system of Penal Code.This definition ignores the levels of the system itself as well as the relationship between criminal law and legal system,and can not solve difficult cases effectively in practice.According to structural characteristics of criminal law and the regular pattern of human cognition,the systematic interpretation of criminal law should be divided into four progressive levels,namely,“provisions system at a micro level”,“Penal Code system at a medium level”,“unification of legal order system at a macro level”,“normative logic and value system at an overall level”.The four levels is an organic whole and when using systematic interpretation of criminal law,the progressive logical thinking from micro-medium-macro-overall should be abided by,and the result should stand up to the test of the abovementioned four levels to make the principle of legality be strictly slicked,and make criminal rules and social value deeply integrated so as to draw a conclusion that is in accordance with normative logic as well as social value,achieving the justiceof law.