限制开发生态区农户参与生态补偿的适应性研究——以宁夏盐池县为例

Adaptability of Farmers′ Participation in Ecological Compensation in the Restricted Development Ecological Areas——A Case Study of Yanchi County in Ningxia

农户参与生态补偿的适应性既是生态补偿实施的重要目的,也是提升农户可持续生计能力的一个重要方面。以宁夏盐池县为例,基于主体功能细分,在构建农户适应能力指标体系的基础上,运用综合指数法对不同类型区农户的适应能力进行评价,并通过障碍度模型,对影响农户适应能力的障碍因素进行探讨。结果表明:(1)不同类型区农户对生态补偿的适应能力差异明显。从综合适应能力来看,中限制开发区农户适应能力最高,其次是弱限制开发区、禁止开发区、强限制开发区;(2)不同类型区由于区位、地形、生产生活方式等差异,影响农户适应能力的障碍度因素存在明显不同;弱限制开发区的主要障碍系统是农户的自然能力和社会能力;中限制开发区的主要障碍系统是自然能力、金融能力和社会能力;强限制开发区的主要障碍系统是自然能力和物质能力;禁止开发区的主要障碍系统是劳动能力和社会能力。

The adaptability of farmers′participation in ecological compensation is not only an important purpose of ecological compensation implementation,but also an important aspect to enhance the sustainable livelihood of farmers.Based on the segmentation research of main function in Yanchi County,we explore the adaptability of farmers′participation in ecological compensation in the restricted development ecological areas through the evaluation system of adaptive capacity and the obstacle degree model.The results show that:(1)there are obvious differences in the abilities of farmers to adapt to ecological compensation in different types of areas;in general,the adaptability of farmers′participation in the medium restrained development areas is the highest,followed by the weakly restricted development zone,the prohibited development areas,the strong restricted;(2)due to different locations,terrain,production,life-styles,different types of areas,obstacles factors are different,the main obstacle systems in the weakly restricted development areas are natural ability and social ability,the main obstacle systems are natural ability,financial ability,social ability in the medium areas,the main obstacle systems are natural ability and material ability in the strong areas,the main obstacle systems are labor ability and social ability in the prohibited areas;(3)the improvement of the ecological compensation effect needs to design the targeted policy according to the obstacle factors of different types of areas.