粮食产销平衡区耕地非粮化负外部效益空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of the Negative External Benefits of Non-Food Cultivated Land in Grain Production and Marketing Balance Area

科学地测算耕地非粮化负外部效益以及分析其空间分布特征,可以为耕地非粮化负外部性问题内部化提供科学依据。以粮食产销平衡区甘肃省14个地级市(含2个自治州)为研究区,将耕地非粮化负外部效益划分为粮食安全和生态环境两大类,综合运用负外部效益测算方法,测算研究区耕地非粮化负外部效益,运用GeoDa和ArcGIS 9.2软件的空间分析功能,分析研究区耕地非粮化负外部效益的空间分布特征。结果表明:(1)研究区耕地非粮化负外部效益为271.41亿元,其中耕地非粮化粮食安全负外部效益占79.25%,耕地非粮化生态环境负外部效益占20.75%。(2)研究区不同城市耕地非粮化负外部效益差异较大,酒泉市耕地非粮化负外部效益最高,为56.68亿元,嘉峪关市最低,为1.04亿元,两者相差56倍。(3)研究区单位面积耕地非粮化负外部效益较接近的城市呈集中分布态势,其中耕地非粮化负外部效益高的城市集中分布在河西走廊灌溉农业区。(4)研究区耕地非粮化粮食安全负外部效益和耕地非粮化生态环境负外部效益的空间分异规律基本一致,呈现出西高东低,北高南低的趋势。

We took Gansu Province,which is the grain between production and marketing balance area and is consisted of 14 cities(incluging 2 Autonomous prefectures),as the study area and divided non-food cultivated land negative external benefit into two major categories of food security and ecological environment.We used the integrated application of the negative external benefit calculation method to calculate the negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land of study area.We used spatial analysis function of ArcGIS 9.2 and GeoDa to analyze the clustering characteristics and differentiation trend of the negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land in the study area.The results show that:(1)the negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land in the study area is 27 billion 141 million yuan,the negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land in food security accounted for 79.25%,and the negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land in ecological environment accounted for 20.75%;(2)the negative externalities of non-food cultivated land in different regions of the study area were different,and the negative external benefit of cultivated land in Jiuquan City was the highest,which was 5.668 billion yuan,the lowest was found in Jiayuguan City,104 million Yuan for this city,and the difference was 56 times;(3)in space,cities which the unit negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land were closer presented the concentrated distribution trend,cities with the higher negative external benefits of non-food cultivated land concentrated in the Hexi Corridor Area of irrigated agriculture;(4)the spatial variation of safety negative external benefit and the ecological environment negative external benefit of non-food cultivated land in study area were basically consistent,showing the high level in the west and the low level in the east,high level in the north and low level in the south.The scientific measure for the farmland non-staple negative external benefit and analysis on its spatial distribution characteristics of farmland are non-staple negative external benefit,and studies on the new exploration for ensuring the grain safety and the rational allocation of regional agricultural land use structure have important guiding significance.