蝴蝶兰黄色蜡质品种Phalaenopsis‘C27’与紫红纸质品种Phalaenopsis‘31’杂交F_1代性状分离研究

Study on Character Segregation of F1Hybrids from Yellow Wax Variety Phalaenopsis‘ C27'and Purplish Red Papery Variety Phalaenopsis‘31'

以纯黄色蜡质蝴蝶兰Phalaenopsis‘C27’为母本、紫红色纸质蝴蝶兰Phalaenopsis‘31’为父本,对其杂种后代植株性状和主要观赏性状的分离规律进行研究。结果表明,根据花部特征,可将F_1代分为7个组群,除Group 6花瓣为深紫红色隐条纹之外,其余6个组群均呈现花瓣底色条纹性状分离的显著特征。对F_1代观赏性状变异系数进行分析,花序长、花朵数、花梗长变异最大;其余性状介于双亲之间或低于双亲,表现为中亲优势或衰退。从植株性状变异系数分析,株高、植株冠幅、叶片数变异较大,其余性状变异都较小。本研究结果可为利用蜡质黄花的优点对纸质大红花观赏性状进行改良,选育特色蝴蝶兰优良单株和新品系奠定基础,并为蝴蝶兰花色育种及亲本选配提供指导。

In the study,Phalaenopsis‘C27’with pure yellow and waxy petals and Phalaenopsis‘31’with purplish red and papery petals were chosen as female and male parents,and the segregation laws of the plant traits and main ornamental characters of F 1 offspring were analyzed.The results indicated that the F 1 offspring were divided into 7 groups according to the flower characteristics.Except Group 6 which showed deep purplish red with hidden stripes,the other groups showed significant segregation features of petal background color stripes.The variation coefficients of the ornamental traits were analyzed,and the results showed that the length of inflorescence,the numbers of flowers and the length of peduncles had the largest variation,and the other traits were between or below their parents,showing mid-parent or recessionary heterosis.By the analysis of the variation coefficients of plant traits,the plant height,plant crown width and leaf number showed larger variation while the other traits showed less variation.The results of this study could be used to improve the ornamental traits of paper red flower by utilizing the advantages of waxy yellow flowers,lay foundations for breeding excellent single and new lines of Phalaenopsis,and provide guidance for butterfly orchid breeding and parental selection.