东北刺人参种子实用催芽技术研究

The analysis of germination effectiveness of Oplopanax elatus seed with different stratification treatment

以2014年当年采收的东北刺人参种子为材料,连续4年进行种子层积催芽处理和容器播种育苗。结果表明:人工控温预处理是解除东北刺人参种子休眠的必需阶段,在此基础上进行室外埋藏自然变温处理,2年可有效解除种子休眠,种子发芽率达到68.0%以上;不同温度条件预处理对东北刺人参种子催芽效果有影响,主要表现为起始温度15～20℃预处理组,经过7个月的预处理后,有2.3%的种子发芽可用于播种;而起始温度20～25℃预处理后,虽然预处理后没有发芽粒,但在室外埋藏1年后,其发芽率为52.2%,高于起始温度15～20℃预处理组的45.3%;不同起始温度预处理组埋藏2年后的发芽率和总发芽率则没有差异;不同室外埋藏时间发芽种子播种苗质量差异明显,其中以室外埋藏处理1年种子的播种苗质量最好。

Taking the seeds of Oplopanax elatus harvested in 2014 as the material,the seed layered accelerating treatment and container sowing seedlings were carried out for four consecutive years.The results showed that artificial temperature control pretreatment was the necessary stage to relieve the dormancy of the Oplopanax elatus seeds.On this basis,the natural buried temperature treatment could be effectively used to relieve seed dormancy and the seed germination rate was over 68.0%.Pretreatment with different temperature conditions had an effect on the germination of the Oplopanax elatus seeds,mainly in the pretreatment group at an initial temperature of 15 to 20℃.After seven months of pretreatment,2.3% of the seeds could be used for sowing.The initial temperature of 20~25℃ pretreatment group did not germinate after pretreatment,but its germination rate was 52.2% after being buried in the outdoor for one year,which was 45.3%higher than the initial temperature of 15~20℃ pretreatment group;There was no difference in the germination rate and total germination rate after two years of burial in different initial temperature pretreatment groups;there were significant differences in the germination quality of seedlings in different outdoor burying time,among which the seedlings treated with one year’s seed were buried under the best quality.