直肠癌术后吻合口瘘的原因分析及预防措施

Cause Analysis and Preventive Measures of Postoperative Anastomotic Leakage in Rectal Cancer

目的探究直肠癌术后吻合口瘘的原因分析及预防措施。方法抽取2017年2月～2018年1月本院收治的直肠癌手术患者62例实施研究,收集所有患者的临床资料,统计术后吻合口瘘发生率,同时分析总结引起术后吻合口瘘的原因。结果 62例行直肠癌手术治疗患者出现术后吻合口瘘者有10例。其中不同年龄、性别、肿瘤距肛缘不同距离患者出现术后吻合瘘均不同,年龄越大、男性及肿瘤距肛缘越近的患者出现术后吻合口瘘发病率越高,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。且年龄、肿瘤距肛缘、性别是引起直肠癌术后吻合口瘘的危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)结论在直肠癌手术治疗时,应先对患者病情及手术指标进行评估,充分做好手术准备,手术操作时采用良好的吻合技术,有效降低吻合口瘘发生几率;同时针对年龄大、肿瘤距肛缘近、男性等危险因素做好针对性预防措施,进一步降低吻合口瘘发病率。

Objective To investigate the causes and preventive measures of postoperative anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer.Methods A total of 62 patients with rectal cancer who underwent surgery in our hospital from February 2017 to January 2018 were enrolled.The clinical data of all patients were collected.The incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage and the reason were statistically analyzed.Results Of the 62 patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery,10 had postoperative anastomotic leakage.The age,gender,and tumor were different from the anal margin.The older the age,the closer the male and the tumor were to the anal margin,the higher the incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage(P<0.05).Age,tumor distance from anal margin and gender were the risk factors for postoperative anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In the surgical treatment of rectal cancer,the patient's condition and surgical index should be evaluated first,and the operation should be fully prepared.The surgical technique should be used to improve the incidence of anastomotic leakage.Targeted preventive measures are taken to reduce the risk of anastomotic leakage.