淮北砂姜黑土小麦高效锌肥施用效应

High Efficiency Zinc Fertilizer Application Benefit of Wheat in Huaibei Lime Concretion Soil

[目的]研究不同施锌方式对淮北砂姜黑土小麦生长发育和经济效益的影响,探讨适宜施锌量。[方法]设置0、15、30和60 kg/hm^2 ZnSO_4·7H_2O土壤基施用量,收获期考察小麦产量结构性状。[结果]施锌对小麦生长发育具有一定的促进作用。3年试验,与对照相比,单纯土壤基施15、30和60 kg/hm^2 ZnSO_4·7H_2O处理的增产率分别为0.43%～3.50%、4.38%～9.85%和4.25%～10.04%,平均增产2.26%、7.13%和6.81%。施锌增收508～1 086元/hm^2,施锌产投比达2.82∶1.00～22.74∶1.00。[结论]在淮北平原砂姜黑土地区,当前生产水平下,小麦适宜施锌方式为土壤基施ZnSO_4·7H_2O 15～30 kg/hm^2。

[Objective]To study the effects of different zinc application methods on the growth and economic benefits of wheat in Huaibei lime concretion soil and to explore the appropriate amount of zinc application.[Method]The application of 0,15,30 and 60 kg/hm^2 seven-water zinc sulfate soil base was set,and the yield structure and characters of wheat were investigated at the harvest stage.[Result]Zinc application could promote the growth and development of wheat.In the 3-year experiment,compared with the control group,the yield increase of zinc-hetahydrate treated with 15,30 and 60 kg/hm^2 was 0.43%-3.50%,4.38%-9.85% and 4.25%-10.04%,respectively,with an average yield increase of 2.26%,7.13% and 6.81%,respectively.Zinc application increased the income by 508-1086 yuan/hm^2,and the zinc application ratio reached 2.82∶1.00-22.74∶1.00.[Conclusion]At the present production level,the suitable zinc application method for wheat is 15-30 kg/hm^2 heptahydrate zinc sulfate on the soil base.