燃料电池车用可调频微穿孔消声器试验研究

An Experimental Study on Frequency-adjustable Micro-perforated Muffler for Fuel Cell Vehicles

本文中提出了一种用于燃料电池汽车空压机的可调频微穿孔消声器。首先,根据所设计的微穿孔消声器传递特性,拟合了第三腔穿孔段长度与消声器共振频率的关系式,选取两相混合式步进电机和滚珠丝杠作为调频执行机构,光电编码器作为调频系统反馈模块。然后,设计了适用于调频控制系统的模糊PID控制器,实现了第三腔穿孔段长度的实时调节,以改变微穿孔消声器的共振频率,拓宽其消声频带。最后,搭建了可调频微穿孔消声器的试验平台,通过试验验证了其在目标空压机稳态和瞬态工况下的降噪效果。结果表明,可调频消声器可有效降低空压机的阶次噪声,降噪幅度大于12dB,对宽频涡流噪声也有可观的降噪量,总声压级降低了6dB以上。

A frequency-adjustable micro-perforated muffler for the air compressor of a fuel cell vehicle is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the relationship between the length of the perforated section of third cavity and the resonant frequency of muffler is fitted based on the transfer characteristics of the micro-perforated muffler designed,the two-phase hybrid stepping motor and ball screw are chosen as the actuator,and a photo-electric encoder is taken as the feedback module.Then,a fuzzy PID controller suitable for frequency modulation system is designed to achieve the real-time adjustment of perforated section length of third cavity for changing the resonant frequency and thus broadening the muffling frequency-band of the micro-perforated muffler.Finally,the test bench for the frequency-adjustable micro-perforated muffler system is built and a test is conducted to validate the noise reduction effect in both the steady and transient conditions of target air compressor.The results of test show that the frequency-adjustable micro-perforated muffler proposed can effectively reduce the order noise of air compressor with the sound pressure level reduced by more than 12dB,and its broadband vortex noise is also reduced by more than 6 dB.