创业成长抱负:研究综述与展望

Entrepreneurial Growth Ambition:Literature Review and Prospects

创业成长抱负作为驱动创业者成功和新创企业成长的重要源泉之一,正受到学界越来越多的关注。本文基于系统文献综述法梳理了创业成长抱负的相关成果,结论如下:创业成长抱负是介于非理性期望和理性期望之间的成长目标空间,融合成长愿望、成长意图、成长预期的内涵;测量方法侧重采用自我报告方式从规模视角来评价创业成长抱负是否拥有或水平程度;创业成长抱负的形成本质上就是从成长愿望到成长意图再到成长预期的投射过程,更是创业者在考虑自身特征、所创企业特征和宏观环境共同作用下不断限定范围和妥协的结果;创业成长抱负虽然能够促进创业者成功、所创企业成长和社会经济发展,但是并非越高越好,对创业者和所创企业均可能带来双刃剑效应。最后,总结了现有研究的启示和不足之处,并展望了未来的研究主题。

With the continuous advancement of the“mass entrepreneurship and innovation”strategy,more and more persons are engaged in entrepreneurial activities,and the entrepreneurial group has developed from“minority”to“mass”.Highquality entrepreneurs who are eager to grow their businesses,can have a significant positive impact on job creation,sustained economic growth,and the quality of entrepreneurial activities,and thus boost economic growth more than ordinary entrepreneurs.Therefore,as an important source of entrepreneurs' success and new ventures' growth,entrepreneurial growth ambition has been receiving more and more attention from academic circles.Although there is an extensive body of literature on entrepreneurial growth ambitions over the past 30 years,the findings are fragmentary and there exists no systematic framework in this field.In order to display the research schema of entrepreneurial growth ambition,this article integrated the relevant achievements of entrepreneurial growth ambition by the systematic literature review method.Our findings are as follows:First,entrepreneurial growth ambition is the space of growth target between irrational expectation and rational expectation,which integrates the connotation of growth willingness,growth intention and growth expectation.Specifically,growth intention is an irrational expectation,growth intention as a limited rational expectation and growth expectation as a rational one of entrepreneurs.Second,the measurement method focuses on selfreport to evaluate the ownership or level of entrepreneurship growth ambition from the perspective of scale.Third,the formation of entrepreneurship growth ambition is essentially a projection process from growth willingness to growth intention and then to growth expectation.Moreover,it is also a result of constant limits and compromises by entrepreneurs under the consideration their own characteristics,venture' characteristics and macroenvironment.Fourth,although entrepreneurship growth ambition can promote entrepreneur's success,venture enterprise's growth and social and economic development,it is not the higher the better for a doubleedged sword effect to entrepreneurs and venture enterprises.Finally,the enlightenment and shortcomings of the existing research were summarized,and some topics were prospected.The management enlightenment is as follows:The level of entrepreneurial growth ambition is not the higher the better,so it is necessary to intervene in it;The motivational view of entrepreneurial growth ambition implies that it is possible to intervene in it;It is feasible to intervene in the formation of growth ambition by scope limitation and compromise,such as expanding the resource advantages of entrepreneurs and enterprises and shaping the institutional environment conducive to entrepreneurship.Though there have been fruitful research results on those issues,lots of problems remain to be unsolved as follows:More related concepts lead to ambiguous connotation of entrepreneurial growth ambition;The dislocation of measurement object leads to the overfocus of evaluation index on scale;There are many antecedent variables,but there is no systematic framework;Negative effects are less concerned,especially the lack of research on boundary conditions.Based on the above shortcomings,we proposed some topics worthy of study,as follows:Defining the connotation and developing a measuring tool of entrepreneurial growth ambition;Revealing contingency conditions of the antecedents and the doubleedged sword effect of entrepreneurial growth ambition;Carrying out a longterm followup study on the formation of entrepreneurial growth ambition;Exploring the differences and relationships in terms of growth aspirations between entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial teams;Implementing a crosscultural comparative study of entrepreneurial growth aspirations.