国外区位导向性政策研究最新进展及对雄安新区建设的启示

The Latest Researches on Place Based Policy and Its Implications for the Construction of Xiong'an National New District

国外区位导向性政策研究的最新进展为雄安新区相关研究提供了新视角与新方法。通过总结国外区位导向性政策的现实应用,发现其具有应用灵活、实施区域不完全按照现有行政区划、政策目标多元化等新特征。从理论上看,集聚外部性、劳动力市场摩擦与空间关联效应的存在为区位导向性政策提供了理论合理性,但其作用的发挥受诸多因素制约。在实证评估中,现有研究主要利用基于微观大数据的拟自然方法估计区位导向性政策的因果效应,但现实中其具体效果差异很大,同一政策的效应在不同区位与时点也存在较大差异。因此,雄安新区建设中要兼顾公平与效率,促进区域协调,并对其进行针对性评估。

The recent researches on place based policy provide a new perspective and approach for the study of Xiong'an New District.By summarizing the practical application of the place based policy in foreign countries,we find that it has the characteristics of flexible application,incompletely in accordance with the existing administrative divisions and the diversification of policy objectives.Theoretically,the existence of agglomeration externality,labor market friction and spatial correlation effects provide theoretical rationality for the place based policy,but its function is restricted by many factors.In the empirical evaluation,present researches mainly use the quasi-natural experiment methods based on micro-big data to estimate the policy’s causal effects,but in reality,the specific effects vary greatly.The same policy's effects may exist big difference in different locations and periods.Therefore,the construction of the Xiong'an National New District should take into account fairness and efficiency,promote regional coordination and conduct targeted assessments.