创新价值链视角下中小企业创新效率多维度研究——基于加法分解的两阶段DEA模型

Multi-dimension Study on SMEs' Innovation Efficiency from the Perspective of Innovative Value Chain——Based on Two-stage Additive Decomposition DEA Model

中小企业创新绩效提升和优化对我国经济发展至关重要。基于创新价值链视角,考虑企业所有权性质和生命周期、所属区域、行业多个维度,运用加法分解两阶段DEA模型对中小企业知识创新阶段和经济产出阶段效率进行评价。结果发现:企业所有权性质方面,国有企业两阶段效率都偏低,民营企业两阶段效率差距有限,合资企业研发效率远高于转化效率;企业所属行业方面,全行业研发效率普遍高于转化效率,信息技术两个阶段效率差距较大,其它行业次之,医药生物行业不显著;企业所属区域方面,东中西部地区研发效率和转化效率分别呈现"高低"、"低高"和"低低"现象;企业生命周期方面,生命周期不同阶段企业创新绩效存在显著差异。最后,基于上述结论提出相应对策与建议。

The promotions and optimizations of SMEs'innovation performance are very important to the economic development of our country.From the perspective of innovation value chain,considering the ownership nature and life cycle of enterprises,their industries and the regions that they are located,this paper uses two-stage additive decomposition DEA model to evaluate the R&D efficiency and economic output transformation efficiency of SMEs.The outcome shows that:if we look at the enterprises'ownership nature,we can find out that the two stages efficiency of state-owned enterprises is low,while the differences of the two stages efficiency of private enterprises is quite limited,but the R&D efficiency of joint ventures is far higher than that of their economic output transformation efficiency;from the perspective of industry,this paper finds that the research and development efficiency of enterprises is generally higher than that of their economic output transformation efficiency,more specifically,the gap between the two stages efficiency of information technology is large,followed by other industries,and the gap of pharmaceutical and biological industries is not significant;In terms of the regions,the two efficiencies of enterprises located in the eastern,central and western regions showing"high,low","low,high"and"low,low"respectively;from the perspective of enterprises'life cycle,there are significant differences in innovation performance of enterprises at different stages of the life cycle.Finally,based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the corresponding measures and suggestions.