聚乙二醇增强的竹醋酸纤维素膜材料制备及其性能

Preparation of PEG Reinforced Bamboo Cellulose Acetate Membranes and Its Properties

选用中国西南地区特色大型竹材巨龙竹为原料,提取巨龙竹纤维素(BC),乙酸酐为乙酰剂,浓硫酸为催化剂,反应取得巨龙竹醋酸纤维素(BCA),制备竹醋酸纤维素基膜材料,再以无毒、无刺激性的增塑剂聚乙二醇(PEG 200)为添加剂,制备醋酸纤维素-聚乙二醇复合膜材料,并通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、拉伸性能、接触角等分析方法,研究聚乙二醇增强后膜材料的性能。结果表明:巨龙竹纤维素纯度93. 46%;醋酸纤维素乙酰基含量48. 54%,取代度1. 99;醋酸纤维素-聚乙二醇复合膜中PEG成功负载且没有改变醋酸纤维素本身结构;复合膜内部结构更为致密;拉伸强度提高了13. 42%,断裂伸长率提高了114. 76%;复合膜紫外光阻隔效果比基膜好;接触角由基膜的93°降低到复合膜的28°,亲水性大幅增加;加入PEG后材料热稳定性稍降低。

In this paper, cellulose was extracted from Dendrocalamus sinicus, a giant bamboo species specially distributed in southwest China. Bamboo cellulose acetate (BCA) was prepared by using acetic anhydride as acetyl agent and concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst. Then the polyethylene glycol (PEG 200), a kind of non-toxic and non-irritating plasticizer, was used as additive to prepare cellulose acetate/polyethylene glycol composite membrane material. The properties of the polyethylene glycol reinforced membrane materials were studied by the methods of SEM, IR, tensile properties and contact angle. The results showed that the purity of the bamboo cellulose was 93.46%, the cellulose acetate acetyl content was 48.54%, and the degree of substitution was 1.99. PEG was successfully loaded on the cellulose acetate / polyethylene glycol composite membrane, the structure of cellulose acetate itself was not changed, and the inner structure of the composite membrane was more compact. The tensile strength and fracture elongation increased by 13.42% and 114.76% respectively. The UV barrier effect was better than that of the base membrane, the contact angle reduced from 93 to 28, and the hydrophilicity greatly increased. The thermal stability of the material was slightly reduced after the addition of PEG.