基于信号提纯的机械故障检测系统设计

Design of mechanical fault detection system based on signal purification

运用传统机械故障检测系统对机械进行检测时,未对通道信号进行分离和提纯处理,检测结果误差较大。针对上述问题,设计一种基于信号提纯的机械故障检测系统。该系统主要包括主控单元、信号提纯模块和人机界面,通过主控单元的PC104控制总线、信息采集卡和信号转换调理器获取符合电气标准的初始运行信号,再利用信号提纯模块实时管控、信号管理、运算控制、存储控制等功能对初始运行信号进行分离、提纯。系统软件设计数据采集流程通过数据采集卡初始化、A/D变更和确立仿真输入通道获取故障检测流程的基础数据。在此基础上,通过故障检测流程的动态检测方法实现机械故障检测。实验结果表明,所设计系统获取的故障信号误差为0.08～0.34,不同故障检测准确率均在97%以上,说明该系统稳定性高、实用性强。

The channel signals are not separated and purified when the traditional mechanical fault detection system is used to conduct machinery detection,resulting in big errors in detection results.Therefore,a mechanical fault detection system based on signal purification is designed.The system mainly includes the master control unit,signal purification module and manmachine interface.The PC104 control bus,information acquisition card and signal conversion conditioner of the master control unit are used to obtain the initial operation signals which conform to the electrical standard.The real-time control,signal management,computing control,storage control and other functions of the signal purification module are used to separate and purify the initial operation signals.During the data acquisition process of the system software design,the basic data of the fault detection process is obtained by means of the data acquisition card initialization,A/D alteration and simulation input channel establishment.On this basis,the mechanical fault detection is realized by using the dynamic detection method of the fault detection process.The experimental results show that the errors of fault signals obtained by the designed system are between 0.08 and 0.34,and the detection accuracy rates of different faults are all above 97%,which indicates that the system has a high stability and practicability.