混合气体爆炸性现场测试实验研究

Experimental study on field test for explosiveness of gas mixture

为测定现场可燃混合气体的爆炸性,对比分析了国内外实验室爆炸极限的测定装置及爆炸性判定方法,设计研制了混合气体爆炸性现场测试装置。装置实现了爆炸性环境现场的自动采样、超高温点火、高速压力和温度测定及爆炸性自行判定。开展了丙烷、乙烯和液化石油气等典型可燃气体爆炸性实验,提出了基于压力和火焰温度变化相结合的气体爆炸性判定指标,改变了传统目测判定方式。研究结果表明:20 L球和1 L爆炸腔以爆炸压力提升来判定,比管式法测定的爆炸极限范围窄,以压力提升量5%～10%判定较适宜; 1 L爆炸腔以爆炸过程温度提升量来判定,爆炸极限范围比以爆炸压力提升量判定宽,与目测观察的管式测定法相比,略宽于管式测定法和大部分文献数据。

In order to determine the explosiveness of field flammable gas mixture, the determination devices of explosion limit in laboratory and the judgment methods of explosiveness at home and abroad were compared and analyzed, then a field test device for the explosiveness of gas mixture was designed and developed, which realized the auto-sampling, ignition of ultra high temperature, high speed determination of pressure and temperature, and automatic judgment of explosiveness in the explosiveness environment field. The experiments on the explosiveness of typical flammable gases such as propane, ethylene and LPG were carried out, and the judgment index of gas explosiveness based on the combination of pressure and flame temperature change was put forward, which changed the traditional judgment method of visual inspection. The results showed that when judging with the increase of explosion pressure for the 20 L sphere and 1 L explosion cavity, the determined ranges of explosion limit were relatively narrower than that of tube method, and the judgment with the increase amount of pressure as 5%-10% was more suitable. When judging with the increase amount of temperature during the explosion process for the 1 L explosion cavity, the range of explosion limit was wider that that when judging with the increase amount of explosion pressure, and compared with the tube method by the visual inspection, it was slightly wider than those of tube method and most literature reference data.