江西大岗山麻栎天然林种子产量与营养品质变异

Variation of Seed Yield and Nutritional Quality of Quercus acutissima Natural Stands in Dagangshan,Jiangxi Province

为探明江西大岗山地区麻栎天然林分植株种子产量和品质的自然变异特征,对区域内麻栎天然林结种特性、表型性状和营养品质进行了调查分析。结果表明,麻栎天然林分植株单位面积接种量变异幅度在0.35～3.72kg/m^2;麻栎天然林分5个种实表型性状种径长、种径宽、平均种径、种径长/种径宽和种子单粒重在植株间均呈极显著差异;麻栎种子的形状可分为大种径椭圆形、大种径锥形、大种径扁圆型,中种径椭圆、中种径锥形和中种径扁圆型以及小种径椭圆形、小种径锥形和小种径扁圆形9种类型,大、中和小种径类型植株在群体中所占的比例分别为37.50%、45.83%和16.67%。麻栎不同植株种子的单宁含量变异幅度最大,变异幅度在10.0g～99.9g/kg,变异系数达61%;而蛋白质含量和淀粉含量的变异幅度较小,变异幅度分别在354.90～596.00mg/kg和40.00～56.80mg/kg,变异系数分别为0.12和0.19。研究结果可以为大岗山区果用麻栎优良种质的选择提供科学依据。

The seed setting characteristics,phenotypic characteristics and nutritional quality of Quercus acutissima natural forest were investigated and analyzed,in order to find out the natural variation characteristics of seed yield and quality of Quercus acutissima natural forest in Dagangshan area,Jiangxi Province.Results show that the variation range of inoculation per unit area of Quercus acutissima natural stand is 0.35-3.72 kg/m2.Among five species of Quercus acutissima natural forest,the seed diameter length,seed diameter width,average seed diameter,seed diameter length,seed diameter width and seed weight of them were significant differences.It can be divided into 9 types according to the seed shape of Quercus acutissima,they are large-diameter ellipse,large-diameter cone,large-diameter flat-circular,medium-diameter ellipse,medium-diameter cone and medium-diameter flat-circular,and smalldiameter ellipse,small-diameter cone and small-diameter flat-circular,and the proportion of large,medium and small-diameter plants in the population is 37.50%,45.83%and 16.67%respectively.The variation range of tannin content in different seeds of Quercus acutissima was the largest,ranging from 10g/kg to 99.9g/kg,with a coefficient of variation of 61%.While the variation range of protein content and starch content were 354.90-596.00mg/kg and 40.00-56.80mg/kg with small variation range,and the coefficients of variation were 0.12 and 0.19,respectively.