视网膜中央静脉阻塞与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的相关性

Relationship between central retinal vein occlusion and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

目的探讨视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,OSAS)的相关性。方法选择CRVO组患者及非CRVO患者(对照组)各24例进行研究。采用多导睡眠呼吸记录仪在夜间对CRVO患者及对照组的呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea-hypopnea index,AHI)、夜间平均最小氧饱和度等指标进行监测。根据AHI对OSAS进行诊断。对两组的OSAS发生率、AHI、夜间平均最小氧饱和度、年龄、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)等进行比较。结果氉CRVO组BMI(25. 49±4. 17) kg·m^(-2)和AHI(18. 89±14. 54)与对照组[BMI:(22. 57±5. 25) kg·m^(-2)、AHI:8. 25±6. 98]相比均明显升高,而CRVO组夜间平均最小氧饱和度(80. 04±11. 63)%与对照组(89. 14±7. 22)%相比明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(均为P <0. 05)。其中,CRVO组OSAS患病率为75. 00%,显著高于对照组(37. 50%),差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。OSAS组[年龄(59. 67±9. 32)岁、BMI(27. 59±5. 19) kg·m^(-2)和AHI (21. 16±12. 08)]与非OSAS组[年龄(53. 31±7. 04)岁、BMI(22. 15±4. 94) kg·m^(-2)、AHI(3. 76±1. 13)]相比均明显升高,而患者夜间平均最小氧饱和度(81. 42±6. 61)%与非OSAS组(87. 08±5. 77)%相比明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(均为P <0. 05)。13例非缺血型CRVO患者中有OSAS 11例(84. 62%),11例缺血型CRVO患者中有OSAS 7例(63. 64%),OSAS在非缺血型及缺血型CRVO患者中的患病率差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。结论 CRVO患者中OSAS的患病率较高,提示OSAS在CRVO的发病进程中起重要作用或者是CRVO发病的使动因素。

Objective To determine the relationship between central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS).Methods The participants of this retrospective study included 24 consecutive patients with CRVO and 24 age-and sex-matched controls.All participants underwent full-night respiratory polysomnography for monitoring apnea-hypopnea index(AHI),minimal oxygen saturation and body mass index(BMI).Statistical comparisons were performed between the incidence of OSAS,mean AHI,minimum oxygen saturation,age,BMI in both groups.Results When compared with that in control group(BMI:22.57±5.25,AHI:8.25±6.98),both the BMI(25.49±4.17)kg·m^-2 and AHI(18.89±14.54)were significantly increased in the CRVO group,while the average minimum oxygen saturation in CRVO group decreased significantly than that in control group(89.14±7.22%)(all P<0.05).The incidence of OSAS in CRVO group was 75.00%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group(37.50%)(P<0.05).The age[(59.67±9.32)years old],BMI(27.59±5.19)kg·m^-2 and AHI(21.16±12.08)of OSAS group were significantly higher than those of non-OSAS group[age:(53.31±7.04)years,BMI:(22.15±4.94)kg·m^-2,AHI:3.76±1.13],while the average minimum oxygen saturation(81.42±6.61)%was significantly lower than that of non-OSAS group(87.08±5.77)%.The differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There were 11 patients of OSAS(84.62%)in 13 patients with non-ischemic CRVO and 7 patients of OSAS(63.64%)in 11 patients with ischemic CRVO and there was no significant difference in the incidence of OSAS between non-ischemic and ischemic CRVO(P >0.05).Conclusion The CRVO patients have a high prevalence of OSAS,indicating that OSAS might be an important role or a triggering factor in the pathogenesis of CRVO.