孔孟的独立人格思想及当代价值

On the Independent Personality Thoughts of Confucius and Mencius and Its Contemporary Value

以孔子、孟子为代表的儒家原初思想观念,注重人格的独立。孔子强调在君臣关系、父子关系以及个人修养和人际交往中,都应坚定信仰、坚持原则,保持独立人格。孟子的独立人格思想与孔子一脉相承,且更具犀利和凛然正气,孟子构建的大丈夫人格正是独立人格的集中体现,中华民族不畏强权、英勇奋斗的精神可溯源于此。随着历史的发展,儒家思想被各朝代封建统治者不断加以政治化,其独立人格思想逐渐式微,并成为封建统治阶级禁锢人民文化思想的法典。回溯儒家原初思想并梳理孔孟的独立人格思想,对于社会主义市场化、工业化和法治化建设均具有借鉴意义。

The fundamental thought of Confucianism,represented by Confucius and Mencius,focused on the independence of personality.Confucius emphasized that in the relationship between the monarch and the minister,that between father and son,and personal cultivation and interpersonal communication,people should strengthen their beliefs,adhere to principles,and maintain independent personality.Mencius’s thoughts of independent personality and Confucius’s thoughts are in the same vein,but more trenchant and upright.The“True Man”personality proposed by Mencius is a best expression of independent personality,to which the spirit of the Chinese nation’s heroic struggle and not being afraid of superpower can be traced back.With the development of history,Confucianism was constantly politicized by the feudal rulers of all the dynasties.The idea of independent personality gradually faded away and became the cultural and ideological code for the feudal ruling class to imprison the people.Tracing back to the original thoughts of Confucianism and sorting out the independent personality thoughts of Confucius and Mencius will be of great contemporary value for the socialist marketization,industrialization and constitutionality.