层次分析法在心脑血管病过早死亡防控措施综合评价中的应用

Application of analytic hierarchy process in comprehensive evaluation for cardio-cerebrovascular disease prevention and control measure from 4 types of objects

目的探索慢性病社区防控措施权重分配实用方法。方法选择专家、卫生行政人员、疾控专业人员和基层疾控人员收集信息,根据层次分析法(AHP)技术要求,在建立矩阵模型基础上,对调查信息进行特征向量计算和一致性检验分析,通过算术平均数计算获得各项措施权重比例,并进行统计学比较。结果建立措施选择、准则和方案3层11项元素的1个结构模型,据此形成了6个矩阵模型,内容覆盖国家慢病规划中5项评价要素和苏州市现有28个工作项目。共调查85人,平均年龄40.01岁,参与慢性病防控工作时间平均为9.35年。准则层、方案层中减少死亡、减少发病、降低疾病负担、控制危险因素和提高疾病管理量6项符合一致性要求人数分别占调查人数的37.65%、44.71%、50.59%、48.28%、52.94%、63.53%。以符合一致性要求调查信息为数据源获得权重比例为健康教育24.08%、全民健康生活方式24.94%、心脑血管病管理15.95%、控烟16.77%、高危人群筛查与管理18.27%。结论综合不同调查对象调查信息,健康教育和健康生活方式工作在心脑血管病过早死亡防控措中地位最为重要。

Objective To explore a practical method of weight distribution of community measures for chronic disease prevention and control. Methods Specialists, medical officers, CDC staffs and general practitioners were selected and surveyed to collect information. According to the technical requirements of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), based on the establishment of matrix model, the eigenvector calculation and consistency test analysis of survey information were carried out, the weight proportion of each measure was obtained by calculating arithmetic average, and statistical analysis was conducted for comparison. Results A structure model including 3-levels (measures, criteria and projects) and 11 elements was built, 6 matrix models were formed, including 5 key elements of national planning for chronic diseases prevention and controlling together with 28 current projects in Suzhou. A total of 85 participators were investigated, the average age and average work time were 40.01 and 9.35 years, respectively. The proportions of participators which fitted the relative consistencies in criteria level and project level such as reducing death, disease occurrence, disease burden and control risk factors and increasing quantity of disease management were 37.65%、44.71%、50.59%、48.28%、52.94% and 63.53%,respectively. The proportion of weights obtained from the survey information that met the consistency requirement as the data source were: health education(24.08%), national action of health life-style(24.94%), cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) management (15.95%), smoking control (16.77%), screening and managing of high-risk population of CCVD (18.27%). Conclusion Based on all information of participators ,the health education and healthy lifestyle work play the most important role in the prevention and control of premature death of CCVD.