文化镜像中的后现代人类学与中国人类学的认知论革命

Postmodern Anthropology in the Cultural Mirror and The Cognitive Revolution in Chinese Anthropology

后现代人类学的认知论问题长期被学界的方法论视角遮蔽。从他者的"文化之镜"到"镜中之我",后现代人类学并没有逃离与"他者"在双重想象中的僵化状态。处于世界话语体系边缘地带的中国人类学,从一开始就借助西方人类学的镜像符号在行动和参与中自我发现和自我关照。当代中国人类学以一种世界的眼光和人类整体性的认知立场,超越了西方人类学二元对立的认知模式以及以西方为中心的文化镜像困境,这无疑开启了人类学的一种新境界——如何在人类作为一种整体性的意义存在中,重构人类学为作为一门为人类社会谋福祉的学科本质。尤其是在"人类命运共同体"的话语背景下,当代中国人类学无疑开启了世界人类学的新纪元。

Under the influence of postmodernism,Western anthropology has disrupted the identity of disciplines,which not only shows the reflective nature of the subject itself,but also shows the crisis of the traditional methodology of anthropology and cognitive theory.In the comparative framework of the discourse system of the world(“marginal”and“center”),Chinese anthropology went through the reconstruction of the discourse system of anthropology under the influence of the post-modernist thoughts despite the existence of many modern problems in anthropological disciplines.,in particular the rise of China s“Outer Seas ethnography”in recent years,surpassing the cognitive paradigm of dualism in Western anthropology which taking“Western”as its core center.This undoubtedly opens a new realm of anthropology as how to reconstruct anthropology as a subject essence for the benefit of human society in the context of the existence of humanity as a whole.