肾上腺髓质素在呼吸系统相关性疾病中的研究进展

Research progress on adrenomedullin in related disease of respiratory system

血浆肾上腺髓质素(ADM)是一种具有多种生物学活性的内源性肽,以自分泌、旁分泌和内分泌的方式发挥功能和作用,包括舒张血管、降低血压、扩张支气管平滑肌细胞、改善微循环、稳定血管内皮功能、调节肺动脉压、调节炎症及免疫功能、参与多种激素的分泌和调节等作用,因最初在肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤组织中发现而得名。后来发现其在多种器官、组织均有表达,包括心、脑、肾、肿瘤组织等,尤其在内皮细胞、血管平滑肌细胞等表达含量较高,在人体肺组织中也广泛存在。目前许多研究已发现肾上腺髓质素可能参与某些肺部疾病的病理生理过程,包括社区获得性肺炎、支气管哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺部疾病、肺动脉高压、肺部肿瘤等疾病。本文就肾上腺髓质素在呼吸系统相关性疾病方面的研究进展作一综述。

Plasma Adrenomedullin (ADM) is an endogenous peptide with a variety of biological activities including vasodilation, hypotension, expansion of bronchial smooth muscle cell, improving microcirculation, stabilizing the function of vascular endothelial, regulating pulmonary arterial pressure, regulating inflammation and immune function, participating in the secretion and regulating of multiple hormones. It takes action in an autocrine, paracrine and endocrine manner. It was named for its initial discovery in adrenal pheochromocytoma. Later it was found expressed in a variety of organs and tissues, including heart, brain, kidney, tumor tissue, especially in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and also widespread in human lung tissue. At present, many studies have found that adrenomedullin may be involved in the pathophysiology of certain lung diseases, including community-acquired pneumonia, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, lung cancer and other diseases. This article reviews the research progress of adrenomedullin in the related disease of respiratory system.